According to the National Institutes of Health's National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) - which provided the underlying data used by the Calculator - major risk factors for high cholesterol and heart disease include:
- Cigarette smoking
- High blood pressure
- Low HDL (or "good") cholesterol
- Family history of coronary heart disease
- Age (men 45 or older, women 55 or older)
But having one or more of the risk factors doesn't mean a person is doomed: there's hope. The NCEP lists a number of therapeutic lifestyle changes that can decrease one's chances of contracting coronary heart disease, including:
- Reducing saturated fats and cholesterol consumed
- Losing weight
- Increasing physical activity
- Considering drug therapy (over-the-counter or prescription cholesterol-lowering drugs)
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